Elucidation of biological system of extracellular fine particles

 This research area aims to elucidate biological mechanism of extracellular fine particles and the control system.

 There are various extracellular fine particles ranging from nano-sized to micro-sized particles in the living body. They can be classified into two large groups: exogenous fine particles such as PM2.5 and nanomaterials, and endogenous fine particles of in vivo origins, such as extracellular vesicles including microvesicles and exosomes. So far, research on exogenous fine particles has mainly included improvements or safety evaluations of existing materials. Hence, the mechanisms underlying biological responses to these particles and their dynamics have not been fully elucidated. On the other hand, extracellular vesicles, which are endogenous fine particles, have recently been found to play important roles in intercellular communication and be related to many diseases including cancers and cognitive impairments. However, their physiological processes and physiological significance have not been elucidated in detail so far.

 Considering the above-described background, this research area combines findings about recognition mechanisms, action principles, and biological responses to approach the elucidation of new biological phenomena caused by extracellular fine particles and to develop base technologies for their control.