Progress Report

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Development of a Scalable, Highly Integrated Quantum Error Correction System[2] Advanced Qubit Control Front End

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Progress until FY2025

1. Outline of the project

This R&D project aims to improve the performance and compactness of the front end (Fig.1) used for qubit control and measurement in scalable and highly integrated quantum error correction systems.

Fig.1
Fig. 1: Role of the qubit control front end

Specifically, we addressed (1) digital signal processing for simplified, high-quality systems, (2) miniaturization through system integration, (3) clock distribution for multi-unit synchronization, and (4) qubit measurement and feedback control integrated with an error syndrome analysis backend. In FY2025, these technologies were integrated and evaluated using superconducting qubits.
Additionally, architecture for non-superconducting qubit control was investigated.

2. Outcome so far

In FY2025, the developed technologies were integrated into a ~100-qubit-scale system, and the signal processing/control boards and enclosures were developed and manufactured (Fig.2). Superconducting qubit control and measurement experiments were carried out using this system, and its operation was verified (Fig. 3).

Fig.2
Fig.2: Integrated system for ~100 qubits
Fig.3
Fig.3: Superconducting qubit results

In addition, the developed technologies were extended to quantum computing platforms other than the superconducting qubit approach. In particular, a time-division multiplexing technique for QCCD ion-trap control was developed to reduce wiring complexity. A PoC board was developed, and multi-channel operation was demonstrated.

Fig.4
Fig. 4: Multiplexed Ion-Shuttling Electrode Control

In addition, a communication protocol for integration with an error syndrome analysis backend was developed for fault-tolerant quantum computing, and its effectiveness was verified through experiments with R&D Item 1.

3. Future Plans

Toward practical fault-tolerant quantum computing, we aim to develop higher-quality qubit control systems for high-fidelity operation. In addition, qubit control and measurement schemes for quantum error correction will be established and integrated with an error syndrome analysis backend to demonstrate logical-qubit computation. Furthermore, the architecture investigated for other qubit platforms will be applied and evaluated experimentally.

QCCD:
Quantum Charge-Coupled Device
PoC:
Proof of Concept
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