Itaru Imayoshi

Measurement, manipulation, and prediction of interactions between the mechanical and biochemical fields

Grant No.：JPMJCR1921

Research Director

Itaru Imayoshi

Collaborator

Keisuke Isobe	Senior Scientist Center for Advanced Photonics RIKEN
Satoru Okuda	Associate Professor Nano Life Science Institute Kanazawa University
Koji Takemiya	Section manager Electron tube division, Business planning Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.

Outline

In the course of multi-cellular tissue development, cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, morphological change and functional expression should be proceeded in a highly coordinated manner. To understand mechanisms underlying these processes, we need to unveil the spatial and temporal patterns in interactions between the mechanical, biochemical and cell biological fields. Towards this end, we will develop integrated analytic platforms consisting of novel technologies in live imaging, light-mediated manipulation and computational simulation. Using these cutting edge technologies, we will investigate unsolved principles govenring development and maintenance of multi-cellular tissues and organs.

Mototsugu Eiraku

Research on a novel methodology for stem cell manipulation based on the elucidation of gene regulatory network of early human development

Grant No.：JPMJCR1922

Research Director

Mototsugu Eiraku

Collaborator

Atsushi Mochizuki	Professor Institute for Life and Medical Sciences Kyoto University
Kosuke Yusa	professor Institute for Life and Medical Sciences Kyoto University

Outline

The purpose of this study is to reproduce the early developmental process in vitro and establish a new methodology for inducing complex organs composed of three germ layers from human pluripotent stem cells. To achieve this, we will challenge the following three technological developments. 1) A comprehensive and quantitative description of gene regulatory network of human early development 2) Development of mathematical methods for predicting network structure and determining valid control points 3) Development of cell state control technology with high spatial and temporal resolution.

Satoshi Sawai

Deciphering multicellular order through morphodynamic spectrum

Grant No.：JPMJCR1923

Research Director

Satoshi Sawai

Collaborator

Shuji Ishihara

Associate professor Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo

Outline

Cell morphodynamics take distinct characters typically identified as epithelial, mesenchymal or amoeboid that often coexit in developing tissues. By focusing on the dynamical features, the project will develop means to characterize and classify cell-types and their state-transition according to their coordinates within the spectrum of possible morphotypes. Emphasis is placed on developing quantitative methodologies that links multi-modal microscopy measurements and mathematical modeling-based feature extraction to guide characterization and understanding of tissue deformation during development and regeneration.

Yuichiro Tsuchiya

Atlas of plant hormone flows at single-cell resolution

Grant No.：JPMJCR1924

Research Director

Yuichiro Tsuchiya

Collaborator

Yoshikatsu Sato	Specially Appointed Associate Professor Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules Nagoya University
Masakazu Nanbo	Designated Associate Professor Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules Nagoya University
Yu Hijikata	Designated Associate Professor Institutes of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University

Outline

Multicellular growth of plants are shaped on dynamic cell-to-cell flows of plant hormones. In this project, we will develop a small-molecule technology enabling direct visualization of the cell-to-cell movement of plant hormones. The microscopic parameters of the cell-to-cell movement will be obtained from each single cell and integrated into a graphical model representing the flow of plant hormones at tissue level. The resulting atlas of plant hormone flows with single-cell resolution will provide a basis of multicellular behavior in plants and accelerate our understanding of the their dynamic nature.

Katsumasa Fujita

Comprehensive molecular imaging of multicellular systems

Grant No.：JPMJCR1925

Research Director

Katsumasa Fujita

Collaborator

Mikiko Sodeoka	Deputy Director・Group Director Center for Sustainable Resource Science RIKEN
Hideo Tanaka	Specially Appointed Professor Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine

Outline

To understand the biological functions produced through interactions between multiple cells and molecules, it is important to obtain morphological, material, and chemical information comprehensively in the scale ranging from molecule to tissue. In this project, we will develop optical microscopy techniques that can visualize multiple molecular species and their chemical conditions simultaneously with high temporal and spatial accuracies. The techniques will help us to understand the interactions of multiple biological molecules and how they contribute to the biological functions produced in multicellular systems.

Hironobu Fujiwara

Dynamic epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the emergence of integumentary diversity

Grant No.：JPMJCR1926

Research Director

Hironobu Fujiwara

Collaborator

Shuichi Onami	Team Leader Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research RIKEN
Masaharu Nagayama	Professor Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido University
Itoshi Nikaido	Professor Institute for Integrated Research Institute of Science Tokyo

Outline

Organisms have created a remarkable diversity in the structure and function of integument in order to adapt to various environments. However, the mechanism and theory, by which the integument develops various forms and functions from a 2D flat cell sheet, are not well understood. In this study, we take a new viewpoint that cell-cell interactions between heterogeneous tissues, such as epithelium and mesenchyme, and changes in their interactions are keys for the emergence of various integuments. We will address this issue through a single cell multi-omics analysis of spatially and temporally dynamic cell-cell interactions.

Yuichi Wakamoto

Establishing live-cell omics and cellular lineage analysis for understanding and controlling cancer persistence

Grant No.：JPMJCR1927

Research Director

Yuichi Wakamoto

Collaborator

Tetsuya J.Kobayashi	Professor Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo
Takafumi Miyamoto	Assistant Professor Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba

Outline

“Persistence” is a phenomenon in which a small fraction of cells in a clonal cellular population survives over an extended period under the exposure to lethal stress. In this project, we develop the new methods and techniques integrating Raman spectroscopic live-cell omics, single-cell measurement, statistical and mathematical theories of cellular lineage analysis, and controlling cellular population dynamics. We use these methods and techniques to understand the detailed molecular dynamics as well as the general mechanistic underpinnings behind the persistence of cancer cells against anti-cancer drugs and establish strategies of controlling the phenomenon.