Ichiro Akai

Innovation of high dimensional X-ray absorption measurements by data driven science

Grant No.：JPMJCR1861

Research Director

Ichiro Akai

Collaborator

Toru Aonishi	Professor Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo
Toshihiro Okajima	Deputy General Manager Aichi Synchrotron Radiation Center Aichi Science & Technology Foundation
Masaichiro Mizumaki	Professor Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Kumamoto University
Yuichi Yamasaki	Group Leader Center for Basic Research on Materials（CBRM） National Institute for Materials Science

Outline

For comprehensive studies of microscopic properties, mesoscopic structures and macroscopic functions in materials, we propose a new methodology in alliance with data-driven science (DDS). Measurements integrated with DDS are multilateral x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and their microscopic measurements (micro-XAFS) using synchrotron radiation. DDS can extract material-property informations of microscopic structures and electronic states from extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectra and x-ray absorption near edge structure, respectively. Informations on spin states can also be extracted from x-ray magnetic circular dichroism data. In addition, DDS enables us to find unified informations that explain whole material-properties. We apply this method onto material researches for innovations on material functions of high-performance magnets and solid electrolytes for second batteries.

Yasushi Ishihama

Metaproteomics based on integrating mass spectrometry with statistical analysis

Grant No.：JPMJCR1862

Research Director

Yasushi Ishihama

Collaborator

Shujiro Okuda	Professor School of Medicine Niigata University
Toshiyuki Tanaka	Professor Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University

Outline

Proteomics that targets the complete sets of expressed proteins, which are the molecules that directly functionalize cells, organs and bodies, has attracted a great deal of attention, especially in the field of life sciences. LC/MS/MS has been used for mass spectrometry-based proteomics. In this research, we aim to deepen the technologies for proteome analysis by integrating the LC/MS/MS approaches with statistical signal analysis, and to develop metaproteomics targeting complex life systems such as microbiota.

Yuko Mimori-Kiyosue

Integration of multidisciplinary cellular information by high-accuracy spatiotemporal measurement

Grant No.：JPMJCR1863

Research Director

Yuko Mimori-Kiyosue

Collaborator

Yoshihiro Kawasaki	Visiting Associate Professor Institute for Quantitative Biosciences The University of Tokyo
Shiro Suetsugu	Professor Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology
Takuo Yasunaga	Professor Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology

Outline

In order to clarify the principles of life through discovery of novel cellular phenomena which were unable to detect with conventional technologies, we use lattice light-sheet microscopy enabling measurement of cellular information containing unprecedented levels of spatiotemporal resolution and accuracy, and develop technology to extract and analyze biological information from the high-content big data. Furthermore, we will integrate information of cells in action, such as ever-changing morphologies and state change of individual cells in living tissues and organisms, with material information such as genome and transcriptome, by combining a single-cell picking robot and a single cell analysis technique. We will realize a platform for integration of multidisciplinary cellular information.

Yutaka Komura

Development of consciousmeter based on the causal structure of information network and high dimensional measurement of brain activity

Grant No.：JPMJCR1864

Research Director

Yutaka Komura

Collaborator

Masafumi Oizumi	Associate Professor Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo
Takafumi Suzuki	Laboratory Manager Center for Information and Neural Networks National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

Outline

Any exisiting sciences have no effective methods for objective evaluation of changing consciousness in everyday life. The aim of this research is to integrate the cutting-edge information science and brain measurement into developing ‘consciousmeter’which quantifies conscious state.

Kaoru Mitsuoka

Application of Bayesian algorithms to cryo-EM and its combination with other measurements

Grant No.：JPMJCR1865

Research Director

Kaoru Mitsuoka

Collaborator

Kazuhiro Mio	Head of Laboratory Team Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Technology National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
Takuo Yasunaga	Professor Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology

Outline

This research will apply recent Bayesian estimation and other algorithms to improve the image processing for single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). In addition, the similar algorithms will be applied to cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) to improve the resolution, which is almost at atomic resolution recently. The Bayesian estimation can be used to combine the data from cryo-EM and other measurements. The combination of single particle cryo-EM and diffracted X-ray tracking could enable the time series analysis of determined structures by cryo-EM. The combination of cryo-ET and cryo-EM could also improve the accuracy of resulted atomic models of biological complexes in the native environment.