Promoting a wider use of LIBs requires increasing the energy density of EV batteries, for example, to 500 Wh/kg or higher and reducing their battery pack cost to 10,000 JPY/kWh by 2030 (see NEDO “Battery RM2013” (August 2013)). For this proposal paper, we calculated the manufacturing costs of LIBs while factoring in the recent technological levels. We also designed a laminated LIB with the application of a nextgeneration electrode-active material and calculated its manufacturing cost in an effort to predict the trajectories of LIBs becoming higher in energy density and lower in cost. As a result, we estimated the manufacturing cost of the current models (2020) at 11.9-23.2 JPY/Wh and that of future models at 5.1 JPY/Wh at the lowest. Nevertheless, achieving the 2030 targets for the energy density and manufacturing cost of EV batteries requires accelerating relevant research and development for the next 10 to 20 years. We thus propose intensive resource input by industry, government, and academia working as one.