Proposal Papers for Policy Making and Governmental Action toward Low Carbon Society

LCS-FY2016-PP-04

Geothermal Power (Vol. 3):
Energy of Hydraulic Fracturing for Hot Dry Rock System and Potential Power

Summary

 Artificial reservoirs are created during hydraulic fracturing for Hot Dry Rock system. However, one of the challenges in hydraulic fracturing is suppressing the induced seismicity which may affect neighboring areas. The water injection energy, calculated from wellhead pressure, flow rate and time, can be divided into energy which generates cracks in the rock mass and energy needed for the water to penetrate into the cracks.

 The former is associated with induced seismicity and the latter is related to the volume of the reservoir created. Based on data acquired from six sites (Ogachi, Higiori, Soultz, Cooper Basin, Basel and Newberry) where hydraulic fracturing was carried out in the past, the relationships between injection energy, the energy released by induced seismicity and the volume of the created reservoir were investigated. As a result, it could be established that the volume of the created reservoir is proportional to the energy required to create the reservoir. If the volume of the reservoir created during hydraulic fracturing can be measured, the magnitude of the induced seismicity can be estimated.
 Generation of power from Hot Dry Rock was estimated in Japan, a country with abundant geothermal resources, with a geothermal gradient of more than 100°C/1,000m as shown in the Geothermal Potential Map (CD-ROM version) published by the Geological Survey of Japan (2009). In a geothermal single flash power plant, approximately 22 GW of power can be generated in 30 years of operation. As power generated from hot springs and hydrothermal resources are estimated to be respectively 1 GW and 14 GW, a geothermal power which includes Hot Dry Rock system can thus attain 37 GW power generation.

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