LCS-FY2022-PP-03
Economic and Technological Evaluation for Zero Carbon Power System Considering System Stability (Vol. 4) :
Studies on Configuration of Storage Systems Required for Zero-Carbon Power Supplies in 2050
Summary
The study of zero-carbon power systems for 2050 requires a program to optimize the configuration and operation of variable renewable power sources and energy storage systems.
By modifying the LCS multiregional power supply configuration model to accommodate 8,760 hours of annual electricity demand, it is now possible to quantitatively evaluate the temporal, weather-related, and seasonal variations in the output of variable renewable power sources and the configuration of the energy storage systems needed to stabilize the electricity supply in response to these variations. Using lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries, pumped and newly pumped storage power generation, and a hydrogen energy storage system combining electrolytic hydrogen and hydrogen turbines as examples, optimization was conducted to minimize the unit cost of electricity, and it was found that if the potential of solar power and wind power, including offshore wind power, is utilized, an electricity demand of 1,000 to 3,500 TWh can be met without significant cost increase. For storage systems, it is necessary to have both a battery system as a daily power interchange system with short discharge times and frequent replacements, and a hydrogen energy storage system as a seasonal power interchange system with long discharge times and few replacements, and we were able to determine a storage system that combines and makes the most use of the features of each storage technology. In order to ensure that renewable energy becomes the main power source, and to ensure an efficient and stable power supply as a total system, it is necessary to propose a concrete overall strategy for a comprehensive energy storage system as soon as possible, including the scale and specifications of each system, through quantitative evaluation.
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